The First Stage Is The Norm Of International Human Rights...

The first stage is the norm emergence. Norms emerge when they are actively promoted by actors with strong notions and an agenda of appropriate behavior – norm entrepreneurs. According to Hoffman, the entrepreneurs attempt to persuade other actors with the accordance of a certain norms or ideas which the entrepreneurs believe. Needless to say, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights drew on notions articulated in the 18th century: in American Declaration of Independence (1776) and the French Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789), and other bill of rights, and the constitutional experience of the United States was a major influence on the development of international human rights. The U.S. and other Western states are the human rights norm entrepreneurs who promote the prevalence of the individual rights around the world. During 1977 to 1981, when Jimmy Carter became the President of the United States, the Carter administration articulated and implemented a human rights strategy that would serve as the cornerstone of Carter’s foreign policy. In the Western Europe, Norway and Netherlands were becoming more activist in promoting human rights in their own foreign policies. After 1993, respecting for the human rights had been a condition for the European Union (EU) membership. The norm of human rights sprawled to democratic states quickly and the behavior of the U.S. and those Western states had the great international as well as the domestic influence.Show MoreRelatedThe Mdgs Are Norms Or National Economic Planning Targets?980 Words   |  4 Pagesthe MDGs are norms or national economic planning targets. Weiss (2013) argues that â€Å"norms can be defined quantitatively to mean the pattern of behavior that is commonplace† as well as â€Å"a pattern of behavior that is not but should be followed in accordance with values† (p.48). Finnemore and Sikkink (1998) claim that â€Å"norms are clear and specific, rather than ambiguous or complex, and those that have been around for a while are more likely to be effective† (p.907). In addition, norms that are â€Å"widelyRead MoreChina s Transformation As A Transformation879 Words   |  4 PagesChina has undergone dramatic change in the past few decades. In contrast to its isolation from the international community in the 50s and 60s, China today is not only a member of virtually every international organization but even has the potential power to question and reshape the structure and norms of the institutions it has joined. No other country has undergone as total a transformation as has China during the last quarter of the twentieth century. The great change could be traced back to 1978Read MoreThe Millennium Development Goals Mdgs1562 Words   |  7 Pagessuccessful in eradicating extreme poverty so that the SDG can achieve its first target of â€Å"ending poverty in all its forms everywhere.† The success of the SDGs lies upon as sessing the problems of the MDGs to learn and improve from it. By examining the literature and practice of how states differ in complying with the MDG norm, it will be possible to understand the state’s compliance level and how to improve it for future norms. Thus, it is important to review the success and failure of the state complianceRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Responsibility1186 Words   |  5 PagesThe doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect emerged during the mid-90s following the International Communities failure to respond to the genocides in Rwanda and Bosnia. It is an emerging principle which has been increasingly grounded in international law over the past decade, it dictates that national sovereignty is not a right and holds governments accountable to protect their citizens. Many had adverse reactions to this breach of state sovereignty, which is outlined in the Charter of the UnitedRead MoreAn Introduction Of International Relations1702 Words   |  7 Pa gescourse, an introduction of International Relations, my views have consistently been fluid. From week to week with new information and new theories presented, researched and analysed along with my increasing knowledge of attributes and models of these principles. I have had assimilations, with the key concepts of nearly all theories, yet none sat wholly in my perception of international relations. I found concepts of the disciplines to be too black and white. International relations is such a complicatedRead MoreGlobalization Means Underaken Entirely805 Words   |  3 Pagesthe first usage of the word globalization with its modern meaning. An American Defense Institute states globalization as â€Å"fast and continuous inter-border flow of goods, services, capital (or money), technology, ideas, information, cultures and nations†. According to the Institute, through globalization is a unique combination among economies is happening, an evidence modification is being experienced, and governance, markets, corporations and organizations are becoming more international. TheRead MoreInternational Relations As A Discipline1688 Words   |  7 Pagesdanger today due to the developments that have exhilarated politically, socially, and economically. The operation of international systems changed due to globalisation. The existence of nuclear weapons has feared the people but lead to stronger, willing governments. Terrorism had become popular too causing the first pages of newspapers to be filled with news of deaths of people. International relations and the new policies introduced everyday might be the reason in terms of having a destroyed earth. SuchRead MoreEssay about power of politics1517 Words   |  7 Pagespolitics is by no means an easy feat. To merely begin the process, one must first have an ample knowledge of historical as well as modern trends in international relations, the issues at hand both now and in the past and major events that affect the field. Several groups and styles of thinking have developed throughout the centuries to make attempts at comprehending world politics and most successfully carrying out international relations. One of these styles of thinking is often called power politicsRead MoreEmile Durkheim vs. Karl Marx1689 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"morality†. According to Ritzer, Durkheim reviewed that all troubles roots to division of labor. He stated the right or wrong of public with â€Å"mechanical solidarity† had been substitute by â€Å"organic solidarity†. It basically means that for nowadays society, each person was divided into a very specific place, and they play a stable and precise job in the society. Just like an organ play a role in human body (Ritzer, p.110-111). According to Ritzer, Durkheim sees the society, which we live is categorized byRead MoreAbortion Controversy in the Christian Life. Essay examples1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthree main ideas. First I will examine the complexities of abortions. second, I will discuss about how the Christianity point of view on abortion. and finally, I will discuss about my point of view on the topic of the above problems. I hope that my discussion of these can add our horizons in looking at these issue of abortion. Moreover, abortion has become a reasonable problem in the time in which we live The complexities of abortions. Before we presenting about the issue, first we should know

Tightening Restrictions On Foreign Students Essay

1. Introduction A. Conservative party promises 2015 With the newly elected Conservative government planning on tightening restrictions on foreign students studying in the UK, the populace must be informed as to the extent of the damage inflict on the economy by foreign students and foreign graduates who stay in the economy and they must also be well informed as to the short and long-term implications of policy change affecting educational temporary migration as a party of the overall moving structure that is the United Kingdom. Studies before anticipated that SMEs and NGOs would be disproportionately negatively impacted by the reform as compared to other firms, mainly because of their size (lack of resources †¢ Citing i-Graduate survey found that 44% of non-EU graduates working in the UK were doing so for an SME Tension between government’s immigration policy of significant reduction and its belief that significantly increasing numbers of international student is an ‘achievable’ goal 2. Background to UK Post Study Work A. What the regulations were In 2008, the UK Government introduced the Points-Based System (PBS) through which immigration into the United Kingdom is regulated to date. In these new immigration regulations, each applicant must reach a point threshold in order to qualify for leave to enter the country. With there having been over 80 visa classifications in place prior to the PBS, its implementation required a complete restructuring and streamlining ofShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Visas In Australia1057 Words   |  5 Pagesas listed by the Department of Immigration and Border Protection include: -a requirement for visa applicants to have at least two years’ work experience in their skilled occupation -employers must pay the Australian market salary rate (ensuring foreign workers are not hired to cut costs) -tightenedRead MoreDrinking Age Essay677 Words   |  3 PagesCollege students are adults that are living away from parents for the first time in their lives and if they are told not to do something, that is exactly what they are going to do (Dogan 2). When they have the opportunity to drink, they do so in an irresponsible manner because drinking by these youth is seen as a badge of rebellion against authority and a symbol of adulthood. Clearly, this kind of devious attitude does not encourage responsible drinking. While young people in foreign countriesRead MoreThe Romanov Dynasty That Ruled Russia From 16131605 Words   |  7 Pages1613 until 1918 was subject to the period seismic shifts of increasing connection, modernization, and technological advancement that shook the rest of Europe during the same timeframe. The Tsars of this dynasty faced this challenge directly through foreign military conquests and economic and political reformation, yet a distinctive foundational element stayed true throughout their reign. Tsars of Russia consistently used a reverence for Orthodoxy to establish a continued persecution of minority religiousRead More School Dress Codes v. The First Amendment Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesSchool and other schools throughout the nation are severely restricting the students’ rights to express themselves through their visual appearance. The administration, relying on the crutch of limiting distractions and violence, is taking the dress code over the line and is infringing on our right of expression regardless of the lack of results that they are witnessing. Life is full of distractions and, for high school students, inappropriate clothing has the potential to grab much attention. HoweverRead MoreAn Overview of the Job Market for Cambridge1103 Words   |  4 Pagesbenefits is low at 6.3% and decreasing. †¢ The ratio of median home price to median earnings is low at 9.2% and becoming less affordable Cambridge Labor market 1. Cambridge’s population is approximately 119,900 of which 73% are of working age. Student numbers contribute to the large working age population but reduce the economic activity. 2. Proportionally, there are more managers in the workplace population than the resident population indicating that a high number of commuters to Cambridge fillRead More United States Immigration and Economic Policy after September 112986 Words   |  12 PagesIn light of the September 11th tragedy the balance between open border commerce and tighter security must and will be reevaluated. As it appears now, all the terrorists were foreign. Some of these persons had entered the US via Canada. Some of the terrorists had been in and out of the country more than once and many had taken several flights each prior to the attack. Most of the terrorists had arrived in the US legally, taking advantage not just of loose security measures, but of lax immigrationRead MoreQuota Based Immigration Essay4339 Words   |  18 PagesCaribbean workers to cut sugar cane on non-immigrant temporary visas. 1952-The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 established the H-1 program, which allowed the US Attorney General after consultation with appropriate agencies, to import needed foreign workers. The Alien Contract Act of 1885 law and all its amendments were repealed. The McCarran-Walter Act was passed. This law reversed the prohibition against contract laborers into the U.S. and expanded the classes of eligible non-immigrantsRead MoreChina trade performances and policies3517 Words   |  15 Pagesof select countries CHINA ID STUDENT 13201433 COURSE ID 122171 | 122071 OCTOBER 25TH OF 2013 CONTENTS 1. Basics of China A. China in Numbers i. Economy ii. Development iii. Trade and Investments iv. Consumption Behavior 2. China foreign trade A. Introduction on China trade policies i. China foreign trade in the past years ii. China foreign trade today B. China trade policies iRead MoreFinance and Development5184 Words   |  21 Pagesand 1996, the average annual GDP growth rate was 9.4 percent; the growth rate of real exports was 14.5 per cent, while inflation was contained at 4.7 per cent. The high level of investment and the rapid growth had been supported by large inflows of foreign capital: in the period 1987–96, annual capital inflows were on average equal to 8.7 per cent of GDP. But there are some financial shocks in the economy. They are Asian financial crisis:1997-1998, Global financial crisis and flood of 2011and politicalRead MoreInternational Market Entry Strategies Redbull4492 Words   |  18 Pagesapproaches or marketing strategies that a company may take. The first of which is a ProductCommunication Extension, in this strategy the company extends both the product and the communication (the advertising and the appeal) from the home country to the foreign market. Again with this approach the product, the communication, the advertisin g, and even the target market of consumers remain the same as in the home market.(â€Å"Global Marketing† book) This can normally be a very difficult approach to undertake as

Nessus for AU Code of Ethics- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theNessus for AU Code of Ethics. Answer: One feature of Nessus is high-speed discovery. As part of many security programs, internal security assessments are required and include vulnerability scanning on the network. The high-speed discovery means that one is capable of noting the risks involved within a system. As a system admin you always stay alerted for any attacks that may occur, Nessus is not a complete security solution, but its used as a strategy to increases the chances of knowing the risks before the attack. A configuration audit is the recognized checkup of a configured element compared to its technical records to establish the elements product standard. Its primary role remains to confirm the integrity of a system product before delivery. It ensures that the system should be running smoothly without any technical hitches. Asset profiling involves a documented profile about a particular profile being used in a company, an example of Nessus. Asset profiling enables users to identify the vulnerabilities of Nessus, raising the interior responsiveness of data Nessus danger threats which points to building profound decisions. It also provides a deep understanding into data quality security issues in advance. Since Nessus is an open source system, asset profiling aid users to design the system according to its needs and objectives it requires to accomplish. Sensitive data discovery should be an issue as it shows how vulnerable the system is to unauthorized users. Sensitive data should always remain hidden or encrypted to avoid security attacks from inside the organization as well as outside the organization. While using Nessus the database administrator should always integrate data according to their specified users. SAGE AU code of Ethics The three most important code of ethics which are directly relevant to the systems admin are: System integrity, they should ensure that integrity is of the systems are maintained by regularly sustain the softwares being used and also analyzing the system's performance. Communication is a critical element as it is mainly used to share resources within and outside the organization. Privacy, the system admin, should ensure that privacy is maintained to avoid the breach of sensitive information to unauthorized users. It means that they should also remain sensitive to the confidential information they may have access while retaining the system configurations. References United States. (1998).Nessus. Place of publication not identified: publisher not identified. Rogers, R. (2011).Nessus Network Auditing. Syngress.

Monet Essays (618 words) - Claude Monet, Haystacks, Impression

Monet Over the years there have been many respectable artists but one of the most famous of these artists would have to have been French impressionist Claude Oscar Monet. Monet was born on Nov. 14, 1840 in Paris, France and started showing an appreciation for art at an early age. When he was nineteen Monet decided that he wanted to attend art school and soon after that he entered the studio of Charles Glegre. While he was there he met and worked with other respectable artists such as Frederic Bazille, Auguset Renoir, and Alfred Sisley. Monet began working outside with the invention of portable tubes of oil paint in the 1840s. Soon he began presenting his pictures of the outdoors sunlight with a direct sketch-like application of bright color. Many felt that would cut off any possibilities of him ever becoming a successful painter. Many of Monets paintings from this time are extremely loosely structured and the colors seemed to have been applied in strong, distinct strokes as if no II reworking had been attempted. This type of art seemed to suggest that the artist had captured the spontaneous impression of nature. This along with the fact that one of Monets first paintings was entitled Impression: Sunrise, the press began to label Monet and his colleagues the impressionists. In the early 1870s Monet and other Impressionists were in desperate need to sell some paintings so in 1874 they decided to appeal directly to the public and had the first of many Impressionist exhibitions. The shows lasted a month and although it drew a large crowd not many paintings were actually sold. As the years progressed so did Monets technique. By the mid-1880s he had achieved much recognition and he was also, finally, financially secure. At the fourth Impressionist exhibition in 1879, which took place in Paris, there was a huge turnout and for the time a profit was made. Although a profit had been made Monet decided not to display his work in the fifth Impressionist exhibition and instead he submitted two of his works to the Salon. After this move business picked up for Monet. The owner of the Salon, Georges Petit, purchased three of his III paintings and in 1880 he had his first one-man show. One year later Durand-Ruel signed a contract with Monet, which committed him to purchase a large number of paintings at regular intervals. After this Monet was able to create better paintings and he was also able to travel in search of scenes to paint. By 1890 Monet was finally able to purchase the house he had been renting for seven years and there he created a lily pond which included a Japanese bridge and was overhung with clumps of bamboo and willows. From this pond he began painting some of his most famous works. Although Monets eyesight was growing worse he still continued working on his water lily series and at the same time some of his other series works such as the haystacks, poplars, Rouen Cathedral, and the Seine River. Monet remained at his house in Giverny, traveling sometimes to find new scenes to paint, until his death in 1926. Monets artwork is some of the most desirable in the world and although it went through many different stages it is all still amazing. Although some artists of his time accused him of mass-producing art (his series work) just for commercial purposes many artists new feel that being able to make a series of a scene and still have all of the pieces have there own individuality and be so desirable was one of his greatest talents. English Essays

Awesome Quotes That Will Leave Your Friends Dumbstruck

Awesome Quotes That Will Leave Your Friends Dumbstruck Have you felt the need to impress your colleagues, peers, or friends with your profound wisdom or expansive knowledge? While wisdom cannot be gained overnight, you can impress folks with your insight. A little bit of preparation will do the trick. Post cool profile status updates on Facebook and Twitter every day. Make sure that statements reflect the real you. If you want to use these awesome quotes, make sure to cite the author. Do you have to make a speech on a research topic? Dont be monotonous. Begin your speech with some interesting information. You can also use these awesome quotes to make an impressive start. Once you have grabbed attention, the rest of the speech will become easy. When you send birthday messages to your friends, instead of the boring happy birthday, throw in these awesome quotes. On your birthday, throw a party for friends, and give each friend a party favor with a personalized quote written on the gift. Read a few of these awesome quotes and commit them to memory. Once you have done that, you can simply walk into a group and stun them with your newfound wisdom. Isnt that a brilliant way to grow your fan following? Get started on your path to stardom. Sir James Barrie If you cannot teach me to fly, teach me to sing. ‎Eric Thomas When you want to succeed as bad as you want to breathe, then you’ll be successful. Jerry Seinfeld Its amazing that the amount of news that happens in the world every day always just exactly fits the newspaper. Ruth E. Renkel Never fear shadows. They simply mean theres a light shining somewhere nearby. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Mans mind, once stretched by a new idea, never regains its original dimensions. J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone There are some things you cant share without ending up liking each other, and knocking out a twelve-foot mountain troll is one of them. Ruth E. Renkel Sometimes the poorest man leaves his children the richest inheritance. Will Rogers Everything is funny as long as it is happening to somebody else. Jimmy Carter Go out on a limb. Thats where the fruit is. Jenny Han, The Summer I Turned Pretty Its the imperfections that make things beautiful. George Burns No snowflake in an avalanche ever feels responsible. Rick Riordan, The Lost Hero I don’t try to be awesome. It just comes natural. Sir Winston Churchill A lie gets halfway around the world before the truth has a chance to get its pants on. Antoine de Saint-Exupà ©ry If you want to build a ship, don’t herd people together to collect wood and don’t assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea. Marilyn Monroe Im selfish, impatient, and a little insecure. I make mistakes, I am out of control and at times hard to handle. But if you cant handle me at my worst, then you sure as hell dont deserve me at my best. Albert Einstein Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and Im not sure about the universe. Benjamin Franklin A man wrapped up in himself makes a very small bundle. William J. Cameron Money never starts an idea; it is the idea that starts the money. Tao Le Ching It is only by not trusting that you turn someone into a liar. Bertrand Russell The fundamental cause of trouble in the world is that the stupid are cocksure while the intelligent are full of doubt. Chinese Proverb Pearls dont lie on the seashore. If you want one, you must dive for it. Steve Jobs Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Alice Longworth If you haven’t got anything nice to say about anybody, come sit next to me. Antoine Saint-Exupery A pile of rocks ceases to be a rock pile when somebody contemplates it with the idea of a cathedral in mind. William Shakespeare The earth has music for those who listen. Rumi Looking up gives light, although at first it makes you dizzy. Anaà ¯s Nin We don’t see things as they are, we see things as we are. Elvis Presley Do something worth remembering. Michelangelo Genius is infinite painstaking. Voltaire The best way to become boring is to say everything. Richard Branson Screw it. Let’s do it! W. C. Fields I am free of all prejudice. I hate everyone equally. Aristotle There is only one way to avoid criticism: do nothing, say nothing, and be nothing. Zen Proverb Sit, walk, or run, but don’t wobble. Epictetus Only the educated are free. Karl Wallenda Life is being on the wire, everything else is just waiting. Thomas Edison The greatest invention in the world is the mind of a child. Zen Saying Leap and the net will appear. Raynor Schein Tears are the rinse water of an unhappy heart. John A. Shedd A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not what ships are built for.

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain The verb attain means to achieve, accomplish, or succeed in reaching a goal (usually through some effort). The verb obtain means to acquire or get possession of something. As an intransitive verb, obtain means to be prevalent or established. Examples As you begin your college career, you should also be aware of the difference between learning things for a test or to attain a high grade versus mastering content and skills that are essential for you to succeed in life.(Jeffrey Kottler, Excelling in College. Wadsworth, 2012)The most important function of a bibliographic entry is to help the reader obtain a copy of the cited work.(Daniel J. Bernstein)Both his philosophy and his techniques of leadership were products of a different world, of relationships which no longer obtain and expectations which are no longer valid.(David Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. HarperCollins, 1986)There can be no assurance that the Company will attain its expected results, successfully integrate and achieve anticipated synergies from any of its acquisitions, obtain acceptable financing, or attain its published guidance metrics . . ..(Press release, DFC Global Corp. Announces Launch of $650 Million Senior Note Private Offering. The Wall Street Journal, November 15, 2013) Usage Notes These two- both formal words- are sometimes confused. . . .Occasionally- as a malapropism- obtain is used to attain. E.g.: The same exception . . . applies if U.S. residency or citizenship is renounced before obtaining [read attaining] age 18.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009)Attain involves the idea of considerable effort, while obtain does not necessarily imply effort at all.(The Century Dictionary) Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to _____ whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris, The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to _____ your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings, Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010) Answers to Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to  obtain  whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris,  The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to  attain  your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings,  Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010)

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain The verb attain means to achieve, accomplish, or succeed in reaching a goal (usually through some effort). The verb obtain means to acquire or get possession of something. As an intransitive verb, obtain means to be prevalent or established. Examples As you begin your college career, you should also be aware of the difference between learning things for a test or to attain a high grade versus mastering content and skills that are essential for you to succeed in life.(Jeffrey Kottler, Excelling in College. Wadsworth, 2012)The most important function of a bibliographic entry is to help the reader obtain a copy of the cited work.(Daniel J. Bernstein)Both his philosophy and his techniques of leadership were products of a different world, of relationships which no longer obtain and expectations which are no longer valid.(David Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. HarperCollins, 1986)There can be no assurance that the Company will attain its expected results, successfully integrate and achieve anticipated synergies from any of its acquisitions, obtain acceptable financing, or attain its published guidance metrics . . ..(Press release, DFC Global Corp. Announces Launch of $650 Million Senior Note Private Offering. The Wall Street Journal, November 15, 2013) Usage Notes These two- both formal words- are sometimes confused. . . .Occasionally- as a malapropism- obtain is used to attain. E.g.: The same exception . . . applies if U.S. residency or citizenship is renounced before obtaining [read attaining] age 18.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009)Attain involves the idea of considerable effort, while obtain does not necessarily imply effort at all.(The Century Dictionary) Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to _____ whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris, The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to _____ your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings, Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010) Answers to Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to  obtain  whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris,  The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to  attain  your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings,  Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010)

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain The verb attain means to achieve, accomplish, or succeed in reaching a goal (usually through some effort). The verb obtain means to acquire or get possession of something. As an intransitive verb, obtain means to be prevalent or established. Examples As you begin your college career, you should also be aware of the difference between learning things for a test or to attain a high grade versus mastering content and skills that are essential for you to succeed in life.(Jeffrey Kottler, Excelling in College. Wadsworth, 2012)The most important function of a bibliographic entry is to help the reader obtain a copy of the cited work.(Daniel J. Bernstein)Both his philosophy and his techniques of leadership were products of a different world, of relationships which no longer obtain and expectations which are no longer valid.(David Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. HarperCollins, 1986)There can be no assurance that the Company will attain its expected results, successfully integrate and achieve anticipated synergies from any of its acquisitions, obtain acceptable financing, or attain its published guidance metrics . . ..(Press release, DFC Global Corp. Announces Launch of $650 Million Senior Note Private Offering. The Wall Street Journal, November 15, 2013) Usage Notes These two- both formal words- are sometimes confused. . . .Occasionally- as a malapropism- obtain is used to attain. E.g.: The same exception . . . applies if U.S. residency or citizenship is renounced before obtaining [read attaining] age 18.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009)Attain involves the idea of considerable effort, while obtain does not necessarily imply effort at all.(The Century Dictionary) Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to _____ whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris, The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to _____ your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings, Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010) Answers to Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to  obtain  whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris,  The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to  attain  your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings,  Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010)

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain

Definition and Examples of Attain and Obtain The verb attain means to achieve, accomplish, or succeed in reaching a goal (usually through some effort). The verb obtain means to acquire or get possession of something. As an intransitive verb, obtain means to be prevalent or established. Examples As you begin your college career, you should also be aware of the difference between learning things for a test or to attain a high grade versus mastering content and skills that are essential for you to succeed in life.(Jeffrey Kottler, Excelling in College. Wadsworth, 2012)The most important function of a bibliographic entry is to help the reader obtain a copy of the cited work.(Daniel J. Bernstein)Both his philosophy and his techniques of leadership were products of a different world, of relationships which no longer obtain and expectations which are no longer valid.(David Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. HarperCollins, 1986)There can be no assurance that the Company will attain its expected results, successfully integrate and achieve anticipated synergies from any of its acquisitions, obtain acceptable financing, or attain its published guidance metrics . . ..(Press release, DFC Global Corp. Announces Launch of $650 Million Senior Note Private Offering. The Wall Street Journal, November 15, 2013) Usage Notes These two- both formal words- are sometimes confused. . . .Occasionally- as a malapropism- obtain is used to attain. E.g.: The same exception . . . applies if U.S. residency or citizenship is renounced before obtaining [read attaining] age 18.(Bryan A. Garner, Garners Modern American Usage, 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2009)Attain involves the idea of considerable effort, while obtain does not necessarily imply effort at all.(The Century Dictionary) Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to _____ whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris, The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to _____ your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings, Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010) Answers to Practice Exercise (a) She selected a pair of patterned silk stockings, which she did not needat least not for their usual purpose. Still hoping to  obtain  whatever information she could from the peddler, she sought to buy his goodwill along with the stockings.(Carrie Bebris,  The Intrigue at Highbury, 2010)(b) The amount of money you think it might take to  attain  your goals can be much more than your goal actually requires.(Jack Cummings,  Real Estate Finance and Investment Manual, 2010)

Sales and Financing DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sales and Financing DB - Essay Example As Jim’s company has recorded a high profit during the year, the tax will naturally increase at the end of the financial year. However the large purchase of inventory during the last week of December can reduce taxes as the total liabilities in the balance sheet will offset the profit earned during the year. It is perfectly legal, moral and ethical to do everything one can within the law to minimize one’s taxes as per the Tax laws. One of the most important aspects about tax reduction strategy is that a tax dollar deferred is a tax dollar saved. By legally delaying the payment of taxes until a later date, Jim can save money because he has the use of that money until he pays it to authorities next year. The taxation authorities allow one to write off all or a portion of the cost as an expense against one’s income in the current year. That will reduce the profits and thereby the tax liability on those profits. In a LIFO pattern, when one purchases inventory and how it is accounted for can affect one’s taxes. Any procedures undertaken within legal framework to reduce one’s taxes are considered perfectly ethical within the law, however manipulative they might seem otherwise. Hence Jim need not worry on this aspect and should go ahead with the end of financial year addition to his inventory. From the given facts it is clear that Lucy Shafer is running a successful dog-breeding business as she is thinking of expansion in the first place. The loan from her uncle seems quite liberal as she does not have to make any principal payments for five years which is a pretty long time and the business expansion, if successful, can easily help her to pay off the loan from her relative. Under these circumstances her decision not to disclose this information to the bank is a calculated risk which she can take. The effect of showing the loan as contributed capital will

Dementia as an extremely debilitating disease Essay

Dementia as an extremely debilitating disease - Essay Example This research will also show the importance of the nurse as an advocate for those who have mental disabilities such as dementia. Of course there will be thorough discussion on what the best interventions are in the acute care setting to try and maintain a decent quality of life for the patient as well. The conclusion shows that dementia is a severely crippling disease, both physically and mentally, and therefore often the best nursing approach is a holistic one with an interpersonal methodology intertwined. Although there is no cure for dementia, appropriate management of care by the nurse can make a great deal of difference in these patients' lives. Dementia is actually the gradual destruction of several areas of the brain that affect the cognitive processes. This of course causes maladaptive behavior changes and the nurse sometimes has a more difficult time managing the patient care when these symptomatic occurrences begin to take place (Antonangeli 1995, pg. 167). Typically dementia is viewed as a collection of negative symptoms, but positive symptoms are present as well. During the early stages of the illness when the patient is only mildly impaired it is very common for individuals to avoid active participation in life. Patients tend to withdraw from social engagements, lack initiative, and overall behave in an indifferent and apathetic manner. It is the nurse's role to attempt to manage their care in a way that will keep them from adapting to this type of behavior. In the acute care setting a certain quality of life is attempted to be maintained for as long as possible. This might be through medications prescribed, psychol ogical counseling services, or other methods of intervention that are geared towards each individual patients needs because not every dementia patient requires the same form of treatment in the initial stages nor as the disease progresses (Aylward et al 1997, pg. 155). As the illness progresses and the cognitive deficits increase patients may become more anxious and agitated. Patients with preexisting psychological problems are prone to experiencing hallucinations and delusions. In particular these patients exhibit paranoid delusions, for instance accusing the elderly spouse of being unfaithful. Misperceptions, such as the inability to distinguish real people from television images, are also common at this stage (Bauer & Shea 1986, pg. 144). Aggression, in particular verbal hostility tends to increase as accurate perception declines. It is perceived that these agitated and aggressive behaviors may represent issues where the patient is making an adaptive effort to try and communicate their needs. They are also attempting to express why they are behaving the way they are but they simply become frustrated and

Difference Between Manufacturing and Services Sector Essay Example for Free

Difference Between Manufacturing and Services Sector Essay Difference between manufacturing and service organization’s operations To compare the operations between the manufacturing organization and service organization, I have taken the example of Mahindra automobile sector as a manufacturing organization and State bank of India banking sector as service organization. The Mahindra Company imports its raw materials from Japan, where after getting its parts it first initially makes a body structure of the car with the obtained parts. The second stage is axle assembly, where it fixes the wheels to the vehicle. The third stage is the transmission assembly where they fix the gear box for speed and torque of the vehicle. Coming to fourth stage they fix the suitable engine for the vehicle, and the fifth stage is followed by fixing the chassis which is chassis assembly Stage. The manufacturing of body is completed upto this stage and finally the vehicle goes into body shop where it gets paint in desired colours. Finally the output is ready to go into to the market. From there it goes it to the distributor where it is distributed to different wholesalers and from there it goes to retailers in different parts of the city or state. Where the end customer will go and buy the vehicle at the nearest retail shop to him. Later the company consults the customers who brought their vehicles and get the feedback from them, where the implement the customer changing tastes and views into the RD department for further improvisation of their vehicles. In the service sector like State Bank of India the main motto of this sector is to provide customer service’s like ATM services, Safety deposit locker, foreign inward remittances, E-pay. Where their focus is to give customer the utmost satisfaction with their service, for example for a customer to open an account in the bank the stages are, first the customer need to get a form from the counter available in the bank, fill it and attest the necessary required documents along with an introducer who already has an account there. So, with these inputs from the customer the bank process the application form creates an account in the name of customer for which he was initially provided with a passbook and ATM card. Further with the choice of customer the bank provides an internet banking account, mobile banking and other services. In Banking Sector value of operations depend upon the product-quality (Some examples: Electronic vendor finance, Electronic dealer finance, Direct debit) as well as the service quality model (Some examples: Utility bill payment, Direct indirect tax payment). Also collaboration with foreign firm made SBI the most High Tech Bank in India following a very secured as well as a better performance matrix model than other banks. The basic difference between manufacturing and service sector is that, in the manufacturing sector the vehicles that are produced can be felt, touch by the customers physically, but in service sector like banking their operations cannot be felt physically i. e. , intangible. Service firms do not produce a service unless a customer requires it, although they design and develop the scope and content of services in advance of any orders. Service firm like banking generally produce a service tailored to customers needs, such as internet banking and mobile banking are given to customers who needed that service, in manufacturing firm they can produce vehicles without a customer order or forecast of customer demand. They manufacture the vehicles keep them in warehousing and send to the outlets where the demand is to be met. Service firms do not require a physical production site. The people creating and delivering the service can be located anywhere. For example different SBI branches located in different parts of city, but for manufacturers like Mahindra Company must have a physical location for their production and stock holding operations. Production does not necessarily take place on the manufacturers own site, it can take place at any point in the supply chain. Issue of environmental concern and the affects to the organization The carbon footprint (Green House Gas emission caused by an organization) of making a car is immensely complex. Ores have to be dug out of the ground and the metals extracted. These have to be turned into parts. Other components have to be brought together: rubber tyres, plastic dashboards, paint, and so on. All of this involves transporting things around the world. The whole lot then has to be assembled, and every stage in the process requires energy. The companies that make cars have offices and other infrastructure with their own carbon footprints, which were needed to somehow allocate proportionately to the cars that are made. Corporations do not operate in spreadsheets and documents. They operate in, interact with and affect the economy, society and the environment. This awareness is growing and is becoming the norm in the disclosure policies of corporations. No longer can an organization just report its financials and expect to satisfy the stakeholders – investors, customers and regulators. An organization must articulate to its stakeholders its approach to sustainability and communicate its social and environmental initiatives towards sustainability. In according to the environment concern Mahindra has established a green manufacturing facility in bangalore for the production of an eco-friendly electric car called REVA. The facility follows rigid green guidelines right from reuse of construction waste to utilization of solar energy for ongoing car manufacturing process, this manufacturing plant majorly uses the electricity from solar of about 35% of plant load is supplied from it, this plant saves about 53000 kg Co2 emission/year and also saves 22000 litres of diesel/year. This saves a lot of Green house gas emission into the air. There are 3 major factors came into light for the reason of development of the eco-friendly cars. First is evolving customers, where the customers in present generation are becoming eco-conscious and cost conscious. Second is Macro factors like rapid urbanization, rising fuel costs and pollution-congestion. Third is raising technology where lot of research is done and implemented in ideology to manufacture a new advanced technology car. This environmental concern by Mahindra led it into a major investment into the technology development and also for the construction of eco-friendly plant which is advanced and sophisticated when compare to regular plants, where this cost burden has led to the high price of the car, where it has been launched for 3. 10 lakhs. In view of an middle class customer why he has choose to buy a reva car, even though there are factors like environment concern, and increasing cost of fuels, there are other high performance cars in the market at same price which run on diesel or petrol. So he majorly opts for going for the high performance cars. Even though by implementation of high end technology has led to the increase in cost, Mahindra has to take up cost reduction measures as the electric car is majorly a middle-class targeted product, they should be able to sell the product at much cheaper price where already Tata has launched Nano with a cost of around 1. Lakhs, Where it attracts the major of the customers. Even though in the customers the environmental concern has increased, but majority of users desire of using regular diesel/petrol based cars which they have been using for several years. So the automobile companies like Mahindra were also unable to completely focus on these eco-friendly cars, where their major concern is of losing their place of selling the regular automobile vehicles in the global markets. Even though they initiated this project with their motive of reduction of carbon footprint, it may take several years to come to get their product in reach to majority of consumers. Irrespective of their sales of the ‘green manufacturing’ product Reva, Mahindra was the first automobile manufacturing facility in India to be recently awarded the ‘Platinum’ rating by IGBC (Indian Green Building Council). The plant has been developed in accordance with the standards set by the IGBC-India, a universally accepted benchmark for the design and operation of high performance green buildings. Impact of growing customer expectations on an organization their operations In the current economic environment, survival and continued business triumph assent is â€Å"exclusive concentration to the customer†. It is believed that, smart customer interactions are the pouring force for sustainable value creation. Failure to understand and manage customer expectations successfully over the years will accelerate a company’s disgrace. Today there is a grave need for effectual and flourishing customer expectation management in any type of business. A process-centric organization that focuses on customer expectations creates processes that go beyond the efficiency gains of process improvement. They proactively avoid failures like missed customer expectations before they occur. It is said that, the proper processes generate a high degree of customer loyalty, thereby securing the top line with a stable and expanding customer base which in turn gives profits. The example I want to quote here is the mobile phones manufacturing industry. From the year 2000 with the innovation of mobile phones into the world has occurred, this led to the usage of new equipment to man, so initially when mobile is introduced it has just only one option i. e. , making a call’s. The user can make a call to other number or receive a call from other numbers. This didn’t satisfy the need of the customer, so the key players in the mobile manufacturing has made a research and equipped the mobile with other two major options they are sms service and radio in the phone. That didn’t stop and there was a continuous evolution of different options in the mobile phones where later a mp3 player was introduced along with other accessories like calculator, alarm, calendar which is insertion of important things into a single device which also had some entertainment games. This is one era of mobile phones, but man had consecutively got used to computer and had become heavily depended on internet, to access his different websites either for official or personal use, then there raised a expectation from customer where he wanted to access internet even when he is not in front of computer, so this led to revolution in mobile phones where browsing internet has been added as a feature to the existing mobile through the services offered by respective networks the customer use. It didn’t stop there but the customer expect a quick browsing without any delay that led to emergence of 3G and now currently 4G is into action, where this is both change in operations of mobile manufacturing sector and network services offering sector. In today’s globalized world each and everyone in every corner is coming know about the variety of products that are being launched, this opportunity must be utilized by the firms by improving their logistics and supply chain operations where they were able to reach maximum number of customers in the market. The improvisation is of utmost important in every operation they perform because this gives the utmost efficiency to the customer. The majority of companies today have made it a practice to get the information from the customers about their experience of them with their product and still what they expect that could have been in it to give them maximum satisfaction. By this process of feedback they can plan their operations in the areas they need to improve like research and development or the quality of product or giving the customer the product in stipulated time, so by looking into these factors they will gain a satisfied customers in market, which makes them to retain with their product and use their products or services in coming years also.

Extreme Censorship in Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 :: Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury

Extreme Censorship in Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 was an interesting Science fiction thriller that provided an odd view on the censorship of books. Not just some books, but all books. An entire distorted culture and civilization where all books are prohibited. And the penalty for being caught with books is that the books must be burned and in some cases the penalty may lead to death. In this tale of censorship and self discovery, Bradbury leads the reader through a short period in the life of the protagonist, Guy Montag. A firefighter struggling with his conscience to determine if a society without books is right. Fahrenheit 451 has an entertaining theme and plot and a well paced story line. This book combines catchy description and well thought out characters to put together a gripping story that keeps the readers attention. It is interesting to see how a once controversial topic could create such a dystopia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fahrenheit 451 had many examples of good writing techniques that made it a good novel. One technique that Bradbury did a good job of using was description. He described things specifically using outstanding similes and personifications. One example is how he mentioned the fire hose. He called it "the great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world." (Bradbury 3) This made the reader not only visualize the hose but get a feel for the mood about the firemen at that time. Another example of good description is how he described the physical appearance of the firemen. "Their charcoal hair and their soot-colored brows and their bluish-ash-smeared cheeks where they had shaven close." (32) The adjectives charcoal and soot-colored describe the color of their hair but also are words that relate to their job as a fireman. Finally, an excellent example of Bradbury's descriptive writing was when Montag pulled the trigger and set Captain Beatty on fire. "There was a hiss like a great mouthful of spittle banging a red-hot stove, a bubbling and frothing as if salt had been poured over a monstrous black snail to cause a terrible liquefaction and a boiling over of yellow foam." (117)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A different aspect of writing that made Fahrenheit 451 a good story was the way he kept the book well paced. There were few dead spots in the story and few spots that pushed the storyline along too quickly. Another aspect of the story that made it enjoyable was the characters and their relations to each other. Each character brought a special part to the story that effected the plot and other characters.

Back to the Future: Past, Present, and Future Essay

There is much to discuss and analyze about all three installments. These would include actor choices, spotting, direction, acting, and most importantly the soundtrack and musical choices for all 3. Considering all 3 movie plots jump from decade to decade, it can be analyzed literally from past, present, and future. Inevitably, Back to the Future’s success also led to several video game launches, a ride at Universal Studios in Hollywood and Orlando, an animated series, and even a comic book. Let’s go back to the year 1985, you and your bodacious friends want to hang ten with the dudes, so you guys catch a flick at the local cineplex. Your choices are Mask, Teen Wolf, or Back to the Future. You mean the guy from Family Ties? So you take your chances on Back to the Future. Good choice! Of all things, Eric Stolz, the main actor in Mask, was originally cast for the role of Marty Mcfly when production of Back to the Future began on November 26,1984. Stoltz was filmed for four weeks, but after seeing a rough cut, Steven Spielberg and the writer/directors decided that Stoltz had played the role â€Å"too seriously† for a comedy, and he was replaced by Michael J. Fox (Futurepedia). Back To The Future was written by Bob Gale and Robert Zemeckis, and mainly starred Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd. The movie opened on July 3, 1985 and grossed $210 million at the US box office, making it the highest grossing film of 1985 (IMDb). The basic synopsis of Back to the Future 1, is about a young man named Marty Mcfly who accidentally travels into the past and jeopardizes his own future existence. With the help of an eccentric local scientist named Dr. Emmett L. Brown, he manages to travel back in time via a time machine made from a DeLorean. This was done by breaking the time barrier in what was called temporal displacement allowing it to travel along the space-time continuum. When the first script was made, a refrigerator was the planned prop for the time machine. Later Steven Spielberg decided he didn’t want kids trapped inside their refrigerators trying to play time traveling games (Funtrivia). Done carefully, Bones Howe (music supervisor) and Alan Silvestri (composer) gathered an array of perfectly fit songs to cater both the 1950’s as well as the 1980’s. The movie jumps from decade to decade throughout the movie, and makes it apparent when it does. The movie starts out when Marty is late for school, he gets on his skateboard and we hear a fantastic song by Huey Lewis and the News, the â€Å"Power of Love. Later in the movie, we hear another solid track by Huey Lewis entitled â€Å"Back in Time. † By the way, Huey Lewis makes a cameo as a judge. When Marty tries out for the school competition, Huey says, â€Å"hold it. hold it†¦ I’m afraid you are just too darn loud. † This is also considered diagetic mus ic in the film. Marty’s first time travel sent him to the year 1955. Marty, immediately, arrives at the Twin Pines Ranch, which was owned by Otis Peabody. Marty crashes into the barn on Mr. Peabody’s property which causes the entire Peabody family to wake up and come outside. Marty encounters many differences between 1985 and 1955, including a cleaner, less run-down ambiance in the Courthouse Square. While searching for a younger Doc Brown, he meets his father and accidentally interferes with the first meeting of his parents–being hit by his grandfather’s Chevrolet in his father’s place. While in the 1950’s, some of the songs we hear are such great classics â€Å"Night Train† by Marvin Berry, â€Å"Earth Angel (Will You Be Mine)† by Marvin Berry, â€Å"Wallflower† by Etta James, and â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† by Chuck Berry aka Marty Mcfly. Some people complained that Back to the Future was a racist movie because Chuck Berry was inspired by a white guy. Sometimes a joke is just a joke; but Chuck Berry liked it. (Davis). Finally we have the sensational score by Alan Silvestri. At times the score is adventurous, and at times it’s sad. The spotting is done just right to balance the dynamics of the movie. Also, there is a leitmotif that accompanies the movie, in fact, it accompanies all 3 movies of the trilogy, and never goes unnoticed. Upon the success of the first film, Robert Zemeckis (director) and Bob Gale (writer) agreed to do a 2nd movie. In fact, they also intended on a 3rd movie, and both the 2nd and 3rd Back to the Future were filmed simultaneously and released six months apart. Back to the Future 2, with a budget of $40 million, grossed nearly $331 million at the box office (IMDb). The characters of George Mcfly and Jennifer Parker were played by different actors from those in the first film, requiring scenes that overlap to be re-shot. Jennifer Parker which was originally played by Claudia Wells, and replaced by Elisabeth Shue in the second film. Claudia claims she turned the roll down when she found out her mother was diagnosed with cancer (Futurepedia). George Mcfly, who was originally played by the quirky Crispin Glover, was later replaced by Jeffrey Weissman. Crispin Glover refused to return to the trilogy due to salary disputes. Back to the Future 2 pans back and forth from 1955, to 1985, and all the way to 2015; the past, present and future. Needless to say, Bob Gale and Zemeckis attempted to predict what 2015 would like and sound like. Some songs used in the 2015 scenes, were â€Å"Beat it† by Michael Jackson, â€Å"I Can’t Drive 55† by Sammy Hagar, â€Å"Mr. Sandman† by The Four Aces, and â€Å"Papa Loves Mambo† by the Perry Como. The filmmakers did do some research into what scientists thought may occur in the year 2015. Bob Gale also commented; â€Å"We knew we weren’t going have flying cars by the year 2015, but God we had to have those in our movie. â€Å"(Q ;amp; A) The film was also considered one of the most ground-breaking projects for Industrial Light ;amp; Magic. It was one of the effects house’s first forays into digital compositing, as well as the VistaGlide motion control camera system, which enabled them to shoot one of the film’s most complex sequences, in which Michael J. Fox played three separate characters, all of whom interacted with each other. Although such scenes were not new, the VistaGlide allowed, for the first time, a completely dynamic scene in which camera movement could finally be incorporated. The technique was also used in scenes where Thomas F. Wilson’s character (Biff Tannen) had to interact with a younger version of himself. (Zemeckis) Six months after Back to the Future 2 was released in the theaters, the Back to the Future team released Back to the Future 3 on May 25, 1990. Again on a budget of $40 million, this one cashed in at $244 Million. The film takes place immediately after the events of Back to the Future Part II. While stranded in 1955, Marty McFly discovers that his friend Dr. Emmett â€Å"Doc† Brown was killed by Biff Tannen’s great-grandfather Buford. Marty decides to travel to 1885 to rescue Doc and return to his own timeline. This time, Alan Silvestri had to create his soundtrack based in the year 1885. However, he still maintained the leitmotif throughout the picture. The years 1985 and 1955 are still relevant in the 3rd movie, and it jumps around. The popular group ZZ Top make an appearance, as they perform â€Å"Doubleback† during a festival in 1885. This was also considered diagetic —-performed for the actors and the audience to hear. Huey Lewis’ â€Å"Power of Love† is also heard again. In 1989, a video game, based on the original Back to the Future movie was produced for the 8-bit Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) by video game publisher LJN a subsidiary of Acclaim games. This has some similarity to the 1983 Atari video game E. T. where producers felt it would sell solely on brand association to the hit movie and the game designers were only given five weeks in order to produce a product to get it on the shelves for the 1982 Christmas shopping rush. Reviewers also cited that game as virtually unlike the film and was a major contributor to an economic downturn known as the Great Video Game Crash of 1983. There are only two songs found in the entire game. One is â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† which will play during the school dance that Marty is playing on stage and sounds close to the version heard in the film. The other song is a repetitive looping song that will play throughout the game in non-mini game moments. There are suggestions that the song is supposed to be â€Å"The Power Of Love† by Huey Lewis ;amp; The News sped up and cycled differently. But it winds up sounding nothing like the actual song made famous in the movie. Nes also later released Back to the Future 2 and 3 as a single game in 1990. Back to the Future II ;amp; III received largely negative reviews from critics. Stan Stepanic of Gamefreaks365. om gave the game positive remarks in regards to similarities with The Goonies II, but gave it a largely negative review due to the lack of a password or save feature coupled with its notorious length, although there was a code to skip to the second half of the game. Back to the Future II ;amp; III’s length has often been cited as the game’s major weakness, Stan stating that it took him roughly six hours just to map it, and he spent so much time trying to fini sh it he actually turned it off out of boredom. (Gamefreaks). Sega Genesis also released their own version of Back to the Future 3 in 1991. It was a lot different than the Nintendo version. However, it was just as unpopular, the opening level was nearly impossible to complete. Finally in 2010, Telltale Games released Back to the Future on PC and Mac; and later was also released on the Ipad and Playstation 3. This was given way better reviews than the predecessors, and remains the best game of yet. Ben PerLee from GameZone summarized his praise of the game by saying it is a â€Å"feel good cinematic experience that any fan of Back to the Future will want to check out, and everyone else would do well to check it out. GameZone) Back to the Future: The Animated Series was an animated series based on the Back to the Future trilogy as well. The series lasted two seasons, each lasting 13 episodes, and ran on CBS from September 7, 1991 to November 28, 1992, the date of the last original episode. Harvey Comics also published a series of Back to the Future comic books starting in November 1991. With the cover header reading †Å"The Adventure Has Only Begun! ,† the first issue featured Doc & Marty in 1927 Chicago. On May 2,1991 the Universal Studios Theme park in Florida released Back To The Future: The Ride. It was a simulator ride based on the popular movie trilogy of the same name. It was a mini-sequel to Back to the Future Part III. Later at Universal Studios Hollywood, they opened the same ride on June 12, 1993 ; and then at Universal Studios Japan on March 31, 2001. The Orlando and Hollywood versions closed in 2007 (Futurepedia). Although Back to the Future creators Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale had no involvement with the ride, they were consulted as to whether they â€Å"got Doc right†. The two responded with a â€Å"yes†. They have also commented that â€Å"it’s a great ride. In addition, references are made to a â€Å"Zemeckis-Gale diagram† and â€Å"Gale-Zemeckis Coordinates (Giveneyestosee) With the huge success of the Back to the Future Trilogy, you can see where a simple idea can turn into a big one. When you take risks on a new actor, and stamp something with a touch of great directing, production, and a great score —- you never know what could happen. Back to the Future will always remain a classic no matter what generation it leads to; whether it be 1955,1985, or even 2015. Works Cited â€Å"Back to the Future II & III Review. Review. Gamefreaks365, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future Part II. † IMDb. IMDb. com, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Ride. † FuturePedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Ride. † Giveneyestosee. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"BTTF Trilogy. † The â€Å"Back To The Future† Trilogy. Funtrivia, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Claudia Wells. † Futurepedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Davis, Cindy. â€Å"Pajiba. † Mindhole Blowers: 20 Facts About Back to the Future That Might Make Your Flux Capacitor Hit 1. 21 Gigawatts. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Futurepedia. † Futurepedia. Wikia, n. d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. IMDb. IMDb. com, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. PerLee, Ben. â€Å"Back to the Future: The Game Review. † Back to the Future – The Game Review. GameZone, 28 Dec. 2010. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Q&A Commentary with Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale, Back to the Future Part II Blu-Ray, 2010. † Interview. DVD Blu Ray. N. d. Television. Robert Zemeckis, Bob Gale (2005). Back to the Future Feature: Making the Trilogy Part 2. Los Angeles: Universal Pictures. N. d. Television.

Psychology and American Psychological Association Essay

The qualitative variables were National Academy of Science membership, election as American Psychological Association president or receipt of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award, and surname used as a eponym (i. e. , a psychological term such a Pavlovian conditioning or Skinner box) to represent a theory, procedure, or apparatus. Objective: You are going to learn a little bit about the history of psychology and the APA style of citations, by conducting research and writing a 2 to 3 page paper – typed, double spaced and 12 point Times New Roman font – on one of the individuals from the list below: . B. F. Skinner 2. Jean Piaget 3. Sigmund Freud 4. Albert Bandura 5. Leon Festinger 6. Carl Rogers 7. Stanley Schachter 8. Neal Miller 9. Edward Thorndike 10. Abraham Maslow 11. Gordon Allport 12. Erik Erikson 13. Hans J. Eysenck 14. William James 15. David McClelland 16. Raymond Cattell 17. John B. Watson 18. Kurt Lewin 19. Donald O. Hebb 20. George A. Miller 2 1. Clark L. Hull 22. Jerome Kagan 23. Carl Jung 24. Ivan Pavlov 25. Walter Mishcel Though not in the top 25, you can pick Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Lawrence Kohlberg, Wolfgang Kohler, or Margaret Washburn. Procedures: 1. Select your psychologist by looking him/her up in your textbook. The textbook will help you quickly understand their contribution to the field and also help you with some terminology you may not understand in other sources. 2. After choosing a psychologist, conduct research in order to become an expert on him or her. Make sure you keep track of your sources. You should use a minimum of three sources and one of the three can be your textbook. See my website for links to good websites. I highly recommend the book The Story of Psychology by Morton Hunt which has information on most of the psychologists on the list. You are welcome to borrow my copy and the library also has a copy. In addition, the two volume reference book Psychologists and Their Theories for Students, housed in the library, is also an excellent resource. In fact, this book may help you select a psychologist. 3. Develop your paper around an argument (thesis) for why your psychologist should be number one on the most eminent list. Make sure the title of your paper links to this argument. 4. Do not write a biography! You need to pick and choose what information to use in your paper. What information you select depends on the content of your thesis tatement. You might focus on the major impact of his/her work/theories in the field of psychology, the types of research methods utilized in his/her experiments, the practical applications of his/her research, his/her major publications, and/or the school of psychology to which he/she belongs. The number of body paragraphs you write depends on the number of supporting statements. 5. Cit e your facts using parenthetical citations and format your paper, using American Psychological Association (APA) format (see the attached APA format document or the APA link on my website). Include a cover and reference page. 6. Writing a research paper is a multi-step process. Do not attempt to complete all of the above steps in one night! How to do your references page: Books: Calfee, R. C. , & Valencia, R. R. (1991). The evolution of desire: Strategies of human mating. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Original source found in a current source (e. g. older studies cited in a newer book) Freud, S. (1961). The ego and the id. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans. ), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19, pp. 3-66). London: Hogarth Press. Anonymous or unknown author (common in newspapers): Caffeine linked to mental illness. (1991, July 13). New York Times, pp. B13, B15. World Wide Web page: Bixley, T. S. (1995) Sentient microfilaments. Retrieved from http://www. microfilaments. com/consciousness/synchronicity/quantum tube. html. *If there is no date, put n. d. in its place. Group or institutional authors: University of Pittsburgh. (1993). The title goes here. Journal of Something, 8, 5-9. Journal article: Guenzel, N. (1996, Autumn) Altruism in three states. Whitman Journal of Psychology, (5)1, 67-73. Letter to the editor: O’Neill, G. W. (1992, January). In support of DSM-III [Letter to the editor]. APA Monitor, p. -5. Magazine article: Gardner, H. (1991, December 9). Do babies sing a universal song? Psychology Today, pp. 70-76. Newsletter article: Brown, L. S. (1993, Spring). My research with orangs. The Psychology Department Newsletter, pg. 3. Pamphlet: Just Say No Foundation. (1992). Saving our youth. (9th ed. ) [Brochure]. Washington, DC: Author. Article in a Newspaper Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today, pp. 1A, 2A. In-Text Citations In-text citations help readers locate the cited source in the References section of the paper. . Whenever you use a source, provide in parenthesis the author’s last name and the date of publication. For quotations, provide a page number as well. The punctuation mark should follow the citation. Example: (Greenwood, 19, p. 2). 2. When quoting, introduce the quotation with a signal phrase. Make sure to include the author’s name, the year of publication, the page number, but keep the citation brief – do not repeat the information. Example: Caruth (1996) states that a traumatic response frequently entails a â€Å"delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena† (p. 1). Example: A traumatic response frequently entails a â€Å"delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of halluc inations and other intrusive phenomena† (Caruth, 1996, p. 11) 3. There are several formats for a summary of paraphrase. Use signal verbs: acknowledge, contend, maintain, respond, report, argue, conclude, etc. Example: Smith (1998) argues that †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4. When citing a work with more than one author, identify all authors in the signal phrase or in parenthesis. Example: (Harklau, Siegel, and Losey, 1999) Example: (Smith et al. , 1983)

Peru essays

Peru essays Peru, the famous home of the Incas remains one of the most intriguing countries of South America. When Pizarro and his men establish a colony in Lima it ended a great ancient civilization and opened up a journey towards the industrialized Peru that is seen today. Peru is a diverse country with many different types of land forms, industrial goods, and natural resources. The Republic of Peru is located in western South America. Columbia lies to the north of Peru, Brazil is located to the east, and Chile is to the south. Peru has three types of land (Theonnes, 7). The narrow plains are located on the coast of Peru toward the Pacific Ocean. This areas temperature ranges from 66 to 73 degrees Fahrenheit (Weil, 40-41). The second type of land found in Peru is the highlands. The highlands are located in the central region of Peru. This is the region where the Andes Mountains are found. Rain seldom falls below the five thousand foot level on the slopes of the Andes Mountains (Weil, 40-41). The temperature is very high in the summer time in the highland region. The third type of land is the lowlands in eastern Peru. The seasonal temperature range is about seventy-five degrees. The lowland region has many rivers, dense rain forests, and few people because of its hot, rainy weather (Weil, 40-41). The per capita income for Peru is 4,800 U.S. dollars per year (Peru, 2). Among the products of Peru are coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, plantains, coca, poultry, beef, dairy products, wool, and fish (Peru, 2). Peru also has a lot of industry. It has mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles, clothing, food, processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, and metal fabrication (Peru, 2). Its natural resources consist of copper, silver, gold petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, and natural gas (Peru, 2). Perus major trading partners are the United States, ...

The Murders of Terrance Rankins and Eric Glover

The Murders of Terrance Rankins and Eric Glover On Jan. 9, 2014, Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins were invited to a home on North Hickory Street in Joliet, Illinois where Alisa Massaro, Bethany McKee, Joshua Miner and Adam Landerman were having a party. Glover and Rankins were killed and robbed of $120. Here are the fact surrounding the double-murder case. Adam Landerman Found Guilty June 15, 2015 - The fourth defendant charged with luring two black men to a house in Joliet, Illinois to rob and murder them has been found guilty. Adam Landerman, son of a Joliet police officer, was found guilty of the 2013 deaths of Terrance Ranking and Eric Glover. Testimony at his jury trial showed that Landerman strangled Glover while co-defendant Joshua Miner strangled Rankins. Landerman admitted to police that he took part in the plan to rob the two alleged marijuana dealers. Joshua Minor was the mastermind behind the plan to rob the two men. Landerman told police that he told Minor that he did not want to be involved in the robbery, but if a scuffle ensued, he would have Minors back. When sentenced, Landerman will face a mandatory life sentence. Minor and Bethany McKee both received life sentences after being found guilty last year in bench trials. The fourth defendant, Alisa Massaro, received a 10-year sentence in a plea deal in which she agreed to testify against the others. However, she only testified in McKees trial. The crime took place at Massaros home. Joshua Minor Found Guilty Oct. 8, 2014 - A judge has found another defendant guilty in the case known as the Nightmare on Hickory Street. Joshua Miner was found guilty of the murders of Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins after he declined a trial by jury. Will County Judge Gerald Kinney found Minor guilty of six counts of first-degree murder. The evidence presented at trial leaves little, if any, doubt that this defendant caused the death of Terrance Rankins, Judge Kinney said. The defendant admits that he planned to rob the individuals. He faces a mandatory life sentence. Joshua Miner Waves Jury Trial Sept. 22, 2014 - The alleged mastermind of a plot to lure two men to a party at a home in Joliet, Illinois so that they could be killed and robbed is facing a bench trial this week for the murders of Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins. As jury selection was about to begin Monday, Joshua Miner waved his right to a trial by jury and is being tried before the same judge that found co-defendant Bethany McKee guilty in an earlier bench trial. In early testimony, police officers said that when they arrived at the scene, Miner told them he killed one of the victims and co-defendant Adam Landerman killed the other. Alisa Massaro, who accepted a plea deal for a lesser charge, is expected to testify in Miners trial, which is expected to last one week. Bethany McKee Guilty of Murder Aug. 29, 2014 - A 20-year-old Illinois woman has been found guilty of two counts of first-degree murder for her part in the deaths of two 22-year-old black men. Will County Judge Gerald Kinney found Bethany McKee guilty in the deaths of Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins in a house in Joliet. Judge Kinney said McKee played a key role in luring the two men to the house so that they could be killed and robbed. Closing arguments were presented in McKees bench trial on August 12. Judge Kinney said at the time he would issue a verdict on Aug. 29. A review of those facts shows a stunning lack of respect for human life as well as a stunning lack of concern for the consequences of taking two human lives, Kinney said. In this ruling, Kinney said McKee had many opportunities to back out of the plot, but instead talked with co-defendants about getting rid of the bodies and spent her share of the money stolen from the victims. The defense had argued that McKee wasnt in the room when the two were killed. Defense attorney Chuck Bretz said McKee made poor decisions after the murders, but she was not guilty of murder. Two other defendants - Joshua Miner, 26, and Adam Landerman, 21 - still face trial. They are accused of actually strangling the two men. A fourth defendant, Alisa Massaro, pleaded guilty to lesser charges after agreeing to testify against the others. When McKee is sentenced Oct. 16, she will face a mandatory life-without-parole sentence under Illinois law. Trial Set for Bethany McKee Aug. 5, 2014 - Trial will begin next week for 20-year-old Bethany McKee, one of four suspects accused of the murder and robbery of Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins, who were killed in Joliet, Illinois last year. McKee was arrested along with Joshua Miner, 26, Adam Landerman, 21, and Alisa Massaro, 22, for the murders of the two black men, which took place at Massaros home. McKee claims she left the party before the murders took place and that Glover and Rankins were still alive when she left. Alisa Massaro pleaded guilty in May to robbery and concealment of a homicide in a deal that gave her a 10-year sentence. She is expected to testify in McKees trial next week. Miners Statements Ruled Admissible June 19, 2014 - Statements made to police by one of the four defendants, accused of luring two 22-year-old black men to a home where they were killed and robbed, can be used against him in his trial. A judge has ruled that statements given to police by Joshua Miner, one of the defendants charged with the murders of Eric Glover and Terrance Rankins are admissible and can be used against him in court. Miner, Adam Landerman, 20; Bethany McKee, 19; and Alisa Massaro, 20; are accused of alluring Glover and Rankins - both 22 - to Massaros house where they were killed and robbed of money and drugs. Lea Norbut, Miners attorney, had argued that Miner, 25, should have been provided with an attorney after he inquired about one during the interviews with investigators. Prosecutor John Connor argued, and the judge agreed, that Miner was informed of his right to have an attorney and he waived that right and spoke to police willingly. Massaro took a plea deal and was sentenced to 10 years in May. McKees trial is scheduled to begin July 21. Woman Gets 10 Years in Double Murder Plea Deal May 23, 2014 - A 20-year-old Illinois woman has been given a 10-year prison sentence to reduced charges in a double homicide case in exchange for her testimony against her three co-defendants. Alissa Massaro pleaded guilty to four felony charges in connection with the deaths of Terrance Rankins and Eric Glover in 2013. She pleaded guilty to two counts of robbery and two counts of concealment of a homicide. Prosecutors said that Massaro and her three co-defendants - Joshua Miner, 25; Adam Landerman, 20; and Bethany McKee, 19 - lured the victims to Massaros house in January 2013. Rankins and Glover, both 22 years old, were strangled and they were robbed of the money and drugs found on their dead bodies. Planned to Dismember Bodies In previous statements, prosecutors said that Massaro and Miner callously played video games and partied after the murders. Police reports also revealed that they planned to dismember the victims bodies before disposing of them. Although the murders took place at Massaros home, 40 miles southwest of Chicago in Joliet, prosecutor Dan Walsh told the court that the actual killings took place outside of Massaros presence. Walsh did say that Massaro did not alter authorities or her father about the crime. Credit for Time Served Technically, Massaro will serve two consecutive five-year sentences on the robbery charges and serve two consecutive three-year sentences for concealing the crimes concurrently with the robbery sentences. She will be given credit for the 16 months she served in jail awaiting trial. George Lenard, Massaros attorney, said her plea deal was based on the evidence in the case and her willingness to testify against the others. If the others go to trial, and if she is called as a witness, she will testify truthfully, Lenard told reporters. Plea Deal Surprised Other Defendants Miner, Landerman, and McKee all still face first-degree murder charges. In a hearing last week, a prosecution motion to have each of them tried separately was granted by Judge Gerald Kinney. According to news reports, Massaros plea deal came as a surprise to the other defendants, especially 19-year-old McKee, who was seen crying when she learned of the deal. Bill McKee, her father, said the deal was a shock because his daughter has not been approached about a plea bargain even though, he said, he was not in the house at the time of the murders. McKee Told Her Father McKee said his daughter left the Massaros home before the slayings and she told him that Rankins and Glover were still alive when she left. When she left the house, she called her father and told him about the situation and it was McKee that called the police. McKee was arrested later at her Shorewood home, while the other three were arrested at the scene, McKee said. Police reports at the time said the three were still partying while the two victims were lying dead in the North Hickory Street home. Miner to Be Tried First I think its sad, Bill McKee told reporters. The sentence she got, its reprehensible. After winning the motion to try the three remaining defendants separately, prosecutors decided to put Miner on trial first. No date has been set for his trial. The three defendants are scheduled for another hearing on June 16. Sources CBS News:Â  Illinois Woman Takes Plea, Gets 10 Years for Double MurderChicago Tribune:Â  Defendants in Joliet Double-Homicide to Be Tried Separately

English paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

English paper - Essay Example That is the function of an art, its relationship to nature and life, distinction of its beauty from the truth, its use, and moral goodness. According to Sartwell, â€Å"It is systematic attempt to pit aesthetics against rationality since it views beauty as a teeming opposite of simplicity. In this case spiritual orientation entails an aesthetic and vice versa† (Sartwell 59). Therefore, in depicting spirituality, different objects are in use by different cultures and religions. For instance, the Christians crucifixion really moves one to see the brutality received by Christ on the Calvary. Mathias crucifixion exaggerates the suffering a depiction that goes beyond realism. The body is covered with big sores of wounds to show the beatings and it is discoloured all over with blood. The legs intertwined with a nail at the place of intersection to hold the body on the cross. Sartwell asserts, â€Å"The legs have begun to putrefy and were turning green beneath the rivers of blood. He hands wide open, fingers contorted in a wild gesture in which were supplication and reproach† (Sartwell 71). This kind of work can move even the non-Christians to belief as they experience beauty in different emotions of this sight. Another example of objects that depict beauty are furniture and other work designs. For instance, the work of Shakers disjoins the physical object from its meaning. Just as the shakers believed that work is a form of worship, looking at their work one can view the devotion. Beauty revolves around some values that depict morality. The simplicity of art works, austerity, and integrity made the Shakers work outstanding, which made them make a lot of money as they marketed genuine items with honesty and quality. This is beauty (Sundara) as one looks at it in all dimensions such as moral aspect, physically, and spiritually. As one admires a good craft and the skilful work that goes into the craft, the mind can

Key Dimensions of National Culture in Saudi Arabia using Hofstede Research Paper

Key Dimensions of National Culture in Saudi Arabia using Hofstede Model - Research Paper Example Uncertainty Avoidance The day to day business of Saudi Arabia is also greatly influenced by Islamic principles; which we will analyze in the light of Hofstede model. Geert Hofstede used 5 dimensions to analyze the culture of various countries; these dimensions being power distance individualism, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance and long term orientation. Hofstede analysis for Saudi Arabia validates that their Muslim faith plays a significant role in people’s lives. (Hofstede, 1980) Their business culture puts a great emphasise on personal relationships between business associates. The Saudis prefer to do business with their family members, friends or those they are quiet familiar with. This shows that they like to be in their comfort zones, and do not trust people easily while doing business. Saudis like to have rigid codes of belief and behaviors and are intolerant of unorthodox behavior and ideas. For example, they do not approve of any unislamic habits or behav iors like drinking alcohol, eating pork, womenizing, gambling etc. This also gives an insight on the uncertainty avoidance of Saudis, which is 80 and it indicates that they prefer to avoid uncertainty in life. While doing business with familiar people, they can avoid the risk of working with someone entirely new. They have strict islamic punishments for theft, rape, murder and other crimes to put an iron hand on criminals. They have conservative dress codes in business and do not approve of modern attires. They are very risk averse in nature and avoid changes. By having rigid codes of conducts, laws, regulations, and rules they ensure that there is least amount of uncertainty and the unexpected do not happen. Power distance Saudi Arabia works in a high power distance community. Power is distributed ineuqally and there are vertical organizational structure. (Doing business in Saudi Arabia, online) Saudia is one of the few countries in the world, where the greatest power lies in the r oyal palace. Their king has the most authority in the country. Their score of 95 (Hofstede, 1980) on power distance indicates that the people accept their strict hierarichal model and do not object the unequal distribution of power. The power is usually central and most decisions are made at the top level, which are then filtered down with clear and exact directions to subordinates. The subordinates are much less empowered as compared to other cultures, and they do not have authority to make decisions. This shows their tendency to stick to tradional values and unacceptibility for modern menthods of business and governance. Collectivistic Society Saudis muslim faith compels them to stick to their families. A great emphasize on the family values is given in islam. Saudis value their families and friends, and deem them to be the most important aspects of their lives. Their decisions are largely influenced by the social setting they live in, and the responsibilities they have as family members. With a score of 25, they are very collectivistic society. They are driven by long term commitments in the form of groups. These groups consists of family, extended family and friends. Because of their muslim faith, loyalty and strong relationships with their family and friends is very important. As Islam considers all muslims as brothers and sisters, Saudis are very committed towards their fellow muslims. Maculinity Goverened by their faith, women are given great respect

Reflective journal as an appendix to the report of case study Essay

Reflective journal as an appendix to the report of case study - Essay Example d)., p. 32-37; Learning module 8: Using a reflective journal n. d., p. 1). Through writing an academic reflective journal, a student is able to monitor personal skills and experiences, which are necessary for academic development as well as growth in career development. Moreover, the reflective journal is effective in analyzing skills developed through academic practices such as the research studies. The case study analysis assignment have been very instrumental in practicing classroom learning outcomes in an academic exercise, I sought to carry out an analysis of human resource management practices within a manufacturing industry that has operation sites within various nations: a multinational. This therefore necessitated wide reading in existing literature on management practices as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of the company in the capacity of production. The case study involved collection of data from the respective company, analyzing and interpreting the findings of the study for possible recommendations to the company as well as for subsequent research studies. Data collection methods employed included the survey method by use of questionnaires as well as through interview methods. Besides employing qualitative analysis tools, the study adopted the quantitative methods for the findings analysis. The case study therefore required interplay of competencies in fields of data collection, literature review as well as in data analysis. Interpretation tools were also very necessary for the success and effectiveness of the research study case. I. Description: The course of the case study involved activities, which were prerequisite to the success of the study (Boss et al., 2007, p. 1-2). Moreover, besides reading while conducting the literature review, I collected analytical data through interviews as well as survey methods. I also carried out an analysis of the data collected through statistical quantitative methods and through qualitative deductive methods (Ortlipp, 2008, p. 695). The analysis also entailed critical thinking in utilizing statistical knowledge for interpreting and making deductions from the outcomes gotten. II. Interpretation: The main reason for carrying out the case study was as a requirement or part of testing curriculum, for the business course undertaken as part of my undergraduate studies. This case study became very important for learning outside classroom and for utilizing the skills learnt within the classroom context. I learnt new ways of conducting research studies as well as for studying. Online research skills were among the new insights that were acquired through the study. Moreover, designing questionnaires and conducting pretests and actual data collection were other skills that were developed besides the classroom experience in drafting questionnaires. This experience and learning insights became fundamental in complementing the classroom experience where it served as a practice session. The ex perience gave me a strong sense of competitiveness in carrying out research studies and incorporating the classroom experience for the corporate work. This research study affirmed my feelings in competitive learning through giving me a chance to exercise learnt skill for

Fatigue Cracking of Pavement

Fatigue Cracking of Pavement Introduction to fatigue cracking of pavement Fatigue or alligator cracking is the most common type of pavement distress, it is infact the major one. This is the type of distress in which series of interconnected cracks appears due to the fatigue failure of the HMA surface when the pavement experience repeated traffic loading. These type of cracks later allow moisture infiltration into the pavement, the road surface gradually gets more rough, the infiltrated moisture then again accelerate the existing cracking which in worst case may end up being a small to large sized pothole. In other words, as the traffic loads get repeated on the pavement, fatigue cracking starts to initiate at the bottom of the flexible layer, which accounts for the tensile strains at the bottom of the HMA layer (Huang 1993).   Researchers suggested that, for the M-E structural design process of pavement, this tensile strength must be kept in limit in order to check against fatigue cracking (Shook,1982). Figure 1: Schematic diagram of Fatigue Craking Mechanism in Pavement Cross Section (Priest et al., 2006) Apart from the repeated stresses incurred upon the pavement surface, fatigue cracking may take place due to aging, temperature changes or inadequate drainage. The effects of these factors are really complicated which my lead to undesirable changes to asphalt, associated with the poor durability properties of the HMA layer. (Finn 1967). Though due to previous research, it was believed that, most of the cracks initiates at the bottom and then make its way to the top of the asphalt layer, which is also termed as bottom up fatigue cracking, recent studies shows that, in most cases, cracks initiates at the pavement surface on the wheel path and then make its way down to the bottom (Myers and Roque, 2001). Federal Highway Administrations Distress Identification Manual for the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program mentioned about three levels of severity for fatigue cracking, which are high severity fatigue cracking, moderate severity fatigue cracking and low severity fatigue cracking. High severity fatigue cracking is the ultimate stage of fatigue cracking. When the pavement has been stressed to the limit of its fatigue life, it is no longer attractive and is barely functional. This stage is called high severity of fatigue cracking. In this case, the cracks are formed in large areas and there are several pieces of loose surface asphalt. Pavement in this condition needs repair immediately. Moderate severity fatigue cracking is the stage when distinguished the arrival of connecting cracks are well recognized. The cracks tends to increase gradually and lower layers of road materials become evident. Heavy traffic load usually break the surface asphalt layer in pieces. Low severity fatigue cracking usually indicates an area of asphalt having only small cracks with very few or none of them connecting to display the zig zag alligator type shape. Also the cracks are not evidently removing lower layers of the road materials. (Miller, 2003) Figure 2: Fatigue Cracking in Pavement (Priest et al., 2006) Over the years, the researchers are trying to come up with a simple and standard fatigue testing procedure as till this date, there is no such standard test for fatigue cracking, as different states are evaluating performance against fatigue cracking differently. Tangella et el (1990), came up with an equation to measure the fatigue life, which also accounts for the varying temperature and loading frequency. Nf= k1 (1/ÃŽÂ µt)^k2 (1/E)k3 Where, Nf= Number of load cycles until fatigue failure ÃŽÂ µt= Applied horizontal tensile strain E= HMA mixture stiffness K1,k2,k3= Regression constant In their study, they emphasized on the flexural fatigue test, diametral fatigue, and tests employing fracture mechanics principals, as the most promising test procedures to characterize fatigue cracking. Later till this period, there are different test procedures such as, Overlay (OL) test, Indirect Tension (IDT) test, Direct Tension (DT) test, Semicircular Bending (SCB) test, are most commonly used to categorize fatigue cracking in the lab. In addition, comparison with the observed result with the field cores is also important. Hajj et al. (2005) emphasized on the mechanistic analysis to understand the interaction between structure, stiffness, and laboratory testing so that a balance can be made for the given field and traffic conditions on a per-project basis. They concluded that, as the field pavement has stiffer structure which will generate lower strains under traffic therefore a longer fatigue life will be observed in the field. Therefore, an overall study is required to charac terize fatigue cracking of the pavement. References: Huang, Yang H. Pavement Analysis and Design New Jersey: Prentice Hall,1993 Shook, J.F., F.N. Finn, M.W. Witczak, and C.L. Monismith. Thickness Design of  Asphalt Pavements The Asphalt Institute Method, Proceedings, 5th International  Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol.1, The Netherlands,  1982, pp. 17-44. Miller J.S., Bellinger W.Y. Distress Identification Manual for the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program (Fourth Revised Edition), Technical Research Report FHWA-RD-03-031. Federal Highway Administration 6300 Georgetown Pike McLean, VA 22101-2296, 2003. Priest A.L. Timm D.H. Methodology And Calibration Of Fatigue Transfer Functions For Mechanistic-Empirical Flexible Pavement Design, NCAT Report 06-03. National Center for Asphalt Technology, Auburn University, Alabama, 2006. Tangella, R., J. Craus, J. A. Deacon, and C. L. Monismith. Summary Report on Fatigue Response of Asphalt Mixtures. TM-UCB-A-003A-89-3, SHRP Project A-003-A. University of California, Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, 1990 Hajj, E. Y., P. E. Sebaalay, and D. Weitzel. Fatigue Characteristics of Superpave and  Hveem Mixtures. Journal of Transportation Engineering, ASCE , 2005, pp. 302-10.